重返亚洲:“华人”的小题大做

曾飙 撰稿 • 2009-06-18 09:54:12 • 栏目:欧洲

  中国人归入亚洲,有可能涉及到将来从政府拿资源,要福利要经费的时候,出现了”亚洲要钱,南亚做主”的担忧。

  英国政府人口普查十年一次,下一轮的2011年有所不同,传统单列出来的华人(Chinese)要归入到Asian中去。这是一个小动作,绝大多数英国华人都不关心这个修改,只有少数华社的消息灵通人士,对此有所担心。担心主要有两条。第一条,很简单,一个侨领告诉笔者,中国就是中国,中国这么大,我们为什么要和他们放在一起;第二条,考虑的要经济利益。因为在英国社会中,Asian的主流就是印度人和巴基斯坦人,虽然两家很少来往,但是印人与巴人分治Asian的格局不变,因此,中国人归入亚洲,有可能涉及到将来从政府拿资源,要福利要经费的时候,出现了”亚洲要钱,南亚做主”的担忧。

  这修改还在咨询调研阶段,一旦做出,很可能会成为今后各种表格中的标准分类法。比如,在英国求职中,一般会调查种族身份,其分类法参照国家统计局的标准。因此英国统计局对这个修改,开了一个口,允许根据调查结果,重新商议分类。从学术角度来说,这个分类法修改,确实没有什么实质性改变华人人口。

  但对华人而言,反对还是同意,这是一个非常具体的问题。抛开”非我族类”的大中华自豪感,这个修改可能带来的利益分配,显示了华人与英国版”亚洲”之间微妙的紧张。不是中国人太狭隘了,容不得其他族裔,而是英国现状如此。深受美语熏陶的国人,到了英国第一个不适应,可能是英式英语的口音,其次是一些小词,Asian也在其中。在英国英语中,Asian一般所指是南亚印度、巴基斯坦和孟加拉人。一家写着Asian food的商店,十之八九卖的咖喱比面条多,而华人、韩国人开的超市,更加中意用Oriental这个词。

   ”多元社会”一直英国的口号。从往日帝国演变到今天全球化的积极推动者,英国即使在国力衰退之后,依然做着自己的”国际贸易”,在国际舞台上扮演一个非常活跃角色。一个多元文化的政策,除了人权考量,也有对大英帝国历史的继承延续。英国对印度长达200多年的殖民历史,使得印度人常有五百年前是一家的感觉。伴随着上个世纪50年代,英国战后重建,大量的印巴裔涌入英格兰,以伯明翰为圆心,逐渐扩展到英格兰中部。如今在英国的政商学还有媒体中,南亚裔面孔处处可见。

  尤其是,在英国与印巴的政治联系中,英国政府扮演了一个政治导师的角色,从印度的尼赫鲁家族,到巴基斯坦贝布托家族,一笔”多元文化”口号下的政治投资,极为可观。中国人则不然,最初是以舰船苦力的身份到英国,在过去150年的交流,除了厨房,就是洗衣房,没有显赫家族的种子选手,可供政治投资。只有近年来,华人的努力打拼,炒面终于超过了咖喱饭,在餐饮业一直独秀之。

   2001年人口普查显示,英国华人20万,占英国人口0.4%,以整个亚洲而论,排在印度、巴基斯坦和孟加拉裔之后。2001年的结果,仅仅是显示了中英关系尚未大幅度发展前的状态。如今两国关系大踏步发展,仅仅伦敦一个城市,华人人口就超过了20万,扣除流动人口,应有十多万保底。到今天,全国的数量应该远远超过了20万。

  一边是人数上升,一边是大国崛起,英国华人本应稍释重担,仰仗多元文化中,拼出一番新天地。毕竟,中国人与印度人来到英国时间,基本上前后脚。如果强求,中国地理上在亚洲之中,Chinese也算是亚洲人。但是,语言的力量是强大的,也是事实:英国的Asia是印巴人的亚洲。此次Chinese被归入Asian,确实有些不爽。多元文化到今天,如果华人继续只谈钱不从政,那么多的是印巴,基本上轮不到华人什么事情。
 

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