首尔事件背后韩国人的中国观

匿名 撰稿 • 2008-05-5 04:24:20 • 栏目:读编往来

  本文作者为Sunny Lee,亚洲时报韩国专栏作家

  总体来说我不太担心在韩国发生的事情会成为两国之间的更多外交问题。看今天韩国的报纸这个事情已经不再讨论了,甚至最强烈批评的《朝鲜日报》也在网版头版上贴了“北京奥运会”的特别专刊。但是我在这儿简单的说明一下一般韩国人如何看待中国和中国人,这样的“背景”也会能够帮助两个国家的互相理解。

  韩国人对中国的看法跟西方人对中国的看法稍微不一样。 首先,韩国人对中国不陌生,不认为中国是一个“威胁” ,也不把它做“妖魔化”。在韩国,“中国”是很流行的一个词。现在大家都学习中文,甚至从2005年左右开始韩国最好的国立首尔大学的中文系的高考分数线超过了过去几十年保持第一的英文系的考分数。在韩国设立了世界最早的孔子学院,很多韩国人跟中国人结婚,两国之间的政治家,企业家,学者,文化方面交流很密切很频繁,很多这些人之间成为个人朋友关系。 韩国也刚刚过了“发展中国家”的过度, 所以非常了解中国经济快书发展过程中碰到的一些问题。 比如,西方媒体批评目前在中国贫富差距越来越大时,韩国人会说:“噢, 我们也经历了这一阶段”。

  不过,就像中国在鸦片战争以后对西方保持“受害者”的心态一样,很多韩国人对中国有着亲密同时很复杂的“受害者”的感情,这是跟韩国人的历史认识有关。我们从韩国教科书学到的内容是:韩国被外国侵略了超过900次,大部分是从中国来的。这导致韩国人有所谓“受害者”情绪,特点就是对历史上强者一方一些非正常行为反应很敏感,很容易情绪化,所以《环球时报》才说韩国媒体对中国留学生在首尔的暴力行为做了过度渲染。 对韩国来说中国一直是大国,但有时会觉得傲慢。举个例子,很多韩国人认为中国政府对这次首尔发生的事件只表达“遗憾”但不说“抱歉”是大国的傲慢,认为中国小看了韩国。 这和中美撞机事件的道歉之争也能做一个对照。从这个角度看,韩国总理也说韩国要恢复国家“自尊心”。

  答自《纵横周刊》:

  感谢李先生来稿,从一个韩国人的角度解释了韩国媒体和民众对这次首尔事件反应背后的心理。至于文章提到的韩国被侵略900次的事情,和事实不同,因为不能用民族国家的关系来描述古代的中国和朝鲜的藩属关系,否则怎么解释韩国从文字(汉字)、古籍、到文化认同,都是来自“侵略者”?在某种意义上,过度的“受害者”情结,并不利于打造成熟的民族心态。不过这点,我们中国人也感同身受,以至于在Made in China征服各地、一些国家开始真正害怕中国发展的时候,中国人还认为自己是被列强欺负。在这个意义上,中韩两国人民应该更加公正看待历史和现实。

  另外,藩属时代早已过去,中韩已经是对等的政治实体,中国是常任理事国,韩国人是联合国秘书长。处理突发事件,应该法律归法律,外交归外交,个人事件不应该上升到需要外交部道歉的地步。民族心理我们应该给予理解,但现代国际政治,不妨按照国际惯例处理,不应该小事特办。因为在中国人心中,韩国应该是一个不需要特殊照顾的对等邻邦,而中国人在任何地方触犯法律,都要交给当地警方而不是北京外交部来处理。

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